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Uttarakhand
Uttarakhand is only 400 km. away from Delhi and consists of 0.83% population of India. It is famous for its spirituality and extraordinary tourist spots. Rishikesh is known as the “Yoga Capital of the World” where The Beatles also came for Nirvana. So it is a state worth knowing.
| Topic | Data/Facts |
| 1 History | 1.1 Uttarakhand was formerly known as ”Uttaranchal”. 1.2 It was formed on 9th November, 2000 after the division of Uttar Pradesh. 1.3 The state is divided into two divisions, Garhwal and Kumauon. |
| 2 Geography | 2.1 Climate: 2.1.1 The climate of Uttarakhand is temperate. 2.1.2 January is the coldest month, with daily high temperatures averaging below freezing in the north and near 70 °F (21 °C) in the southeast. 2.1.3 In the north, July is the hottest month, with temperatures typically rising from the mid-40s F (about 7 °C) to about 70 °F daily. In the southeast, May is the warmest month, with daily temperatures normally reaching the low 100s F (about 38 °C) from a low around 80 °F (27 °C). 2.1.4 Most of the state’s roughly 60 inches (1,500 mm) of annual precipitation is brought by the southwest monsoon, which blows from July through September. Floods and landslides are problems during the rainy season in the lower stretches of the valleys. In the northern parts of the state, 10 to 15 feet (3 to 5 metres) of snowfall is common between December and March. 2.2 Agriculture: 2.2.1 Basmati rice, wheat, soybeans, groundnuts, coarse cereals, pulses, and oil seeds are the most widely grown crops. 2.2.2 Fruits like apples, oranges, pears, peaches, litchis, and plums are widely grown and important to the large food processing industry. 2.2.3 Agricultural export zones have been set up in the state for leechi, horticulture, herbs, medicinal plants, and basmati rice. 2.2.4 Main cash crop in Uttarakhand is sugarcane. 2.3 Natural Resources: The State is rich in mineral deposits like limestone, marble, rock phosphate, dolomite, magnesite, copper, gypsum, etc. 2.4 Major Rivers and Lakes: Rivers: Alakananda, The Ganges, Yamuna, Baur, Dhauliganga, Gomati, Jahnavi, Mandakini, Nayar, Pindar, Ramganga, Saraswati, Sarayu and Yamuna. Lakes: Bhimtal, Deoriatal, Bhullatal, Dodital, Gaurikund, Hemkund, Kanatal, Kedartal, Nainital, Naukuchiatal, Pannatal, Roopkund, Sattal and Satopanthtal. Glaciers: Gangotri, Kedarnath, Meola, Milam, Panchchulli, Ralam, Sona and Satopanth. Waterfalls: Kempty, Tiger, Vasudhara and Sahasradhara. Dams: Dhauliganga, Ichari, Bhali, Koteshwar, Ramganga and Maneri. Bridges: Ram Jhula and Laxman Jhula. Barrages: Asan, Bhimgoda, Pashulok and Dakpathar. 2.5 Animals: Leopards, Jungle Cat, Deer, Sloth Bear, Indian Grey Mongoose, Otters, Bharal, Indian Pangolins, Elephants, Crocodiles, Langur, Different birds and Rhesus Monkeys. 2.6 Neighbouring States: Nepal and Tibet – East Uttar Pradesh – South Himachal Pradesh – West and North-West 2.7 Capital city: Dehradun (Winter capital and largest city) Gairsain (Summer) 2.8 Total Land Area: (i) Total area is 53,483 sq. km. (ii) 19th largest state in India. 2.9 Other Important Facts: Judicial seat is Nainital. |
| 3 Forestry | 3.1 Forest: (i) Forest Cover: 24,303.04 sq. km. (ii) Very Dense Forest: 5,046.76 sq. km. (iii) Moderately Dense Forest: 12,805.24 sq. km. (iv) Open Forest: 6,451.04 sq. km. (Data as per ISFR 2019 assessment) 3.2 National Parks: (i) Gangotri National Park, Uttarkashi (ii) Govind Pashu Vihar National Park, Dharkadhi (iii) Jim Corbett National Park, Nainital (iv) Nanda Devi National Park, Chamoli (v) Rajaji National Park, Haridwar, Dehradun and Pauri (vi) Valley of Flowers National Park, Pithoragarh 3.3 Wild Life Sanctuary: (i) Kedarnath Wildlife Sanctuary, Kedarnath (ii) Askot Musk Deer Sanctuary, Pithoragarh (iii) Sonanadi Wildlife Sanctuary, Nainital (iv) Binsar Wildlife Sanctuary, Binsar (v) Mussoorie Wildlife Sanctuary, Mussoorie (vi) Nandhaur Wildlife Sanctuary, Haldwani 3.5 Elephant Reserves: Shivalik Elephant Sanctuary, Dehradun |
| 4 Economy | 4.1 Major Economic Data: (i) GDP Growth: 6.9% (2018-19 est.) (ii) GDP: 25.4 million INR, lakhs. (iii) GDP Rank: 19th (iv) Per Capita Income: ₹220,257 (US$3,100) (2018-19) 4.2 Industries: Major industries are as under: – (i) Agriculture is the main industry in Uttarakhand. (ii) Other key industries include tourism and hydropower, and there is prospective development in IT, ITES, biotechnology, pharmaceuticals and automobile industries. (iii) The service sector of Uttarakhand mainly includes tourism, information technology, higher education, and banking. |
| 5 Transportation | 5.1 Air, Rail and Road are the major transportation of Uttarakhand. 5.2 Other Important facts: (i) Uttarakhand has 28,508 km (17,714 mi) of roads, of which 1,328 km (825 mi) are national highways and 1,543 km (959 mi) are state highways. (ii) Dehradun railway station is a railhead of the Northern Railways. 5.3 Major Railway Stations (i) Haridwar (ii) Roorkee (iii) Dehradun (iv) Kathgodam (v) Lalkuan Junction (vi) Haldwani (vii) Kashipur Junction (viii) Rudrapur City (ix) Laksar Junction (x) Raiwala Junction (xi) Jwalapur (xii) Doiwala (xiii) Motichur (xiv) Khatima (xv) Raisi (xvi) Aithal (xvii) Haldi Road (xviii) Harrawala (xix) Banbasa (xx) Virbhadra 5.4 Major Air Ports: Domestic Airports: (i) Jolly Grant Airport, Dehradun (ii) Pantnagar Airport (iii) Naini Saini Airport, Pithoragarh |
| 6 Infrastructures | 6.1 Power installed Capacity: (i) Total Power: 3697.39 MW (ii) Thermal: 992.31 MW (iii) Nuclear: 31.24 MW (iv) Hydro: 1975.89 MW (v) Renewable Energy Source: 697.95 MW |
| 7 Census and Demography | 7.1 Demographic Data: (i) Population: 10,086,292 (1.01 Crores) (ii) Male: 5,137,773 (iii) Female: 4,948,519 (iv) Gender Ratio: 963 females per 1000 males (v) Population Growth: 18.81% (vi) Percentage of total population of the country: 0.83% (vii) Density: 189/sq. km. (viii) Rural Population: 7,036,954 (69.77%) (ix) Urban Population: 3,049,338 (30.23%) (x) 21st most populous state in India (Based on 2011 census) 7.2 Major Religion followers: (i) Hinduism: 8,368,636 (82.97%) (ii) Christianity: 37,781 (0.37%) (iii) Islam: 1,406,825 (13.95%) (iv) Jainism: 9,183 (0.09%) (v) Buddhism: 14,926 (0.15%) (vi) Sikhism: 236,340 (2.34%) (Based on 2011 census) |
| 8 Culture | 8.1 Literature: Literary work is majorly found under categories: (i) Hindi (ii) Garhwali (iii) Kumaoni (iv) Jaunsari (v) Tharu 8.2 Major Poets & Authors: (i) Ruskin Bond (ii) Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna (iii) Badri Datt Pandey (iv) Ganga Prasad Vimal (v) Harikrishna Raturi (vi) Mohan Upreti (vii) Naima Khan Upreti (viii) Prasoon Joshi (ix) Shailesh Matiyani (x) Shekhar Joshi (xi) Shivani (xii) Shiv Prasad Dabral ‘Charan’ (xiii) Taradutt Gairola (xiv) Tom Alter (xv) Ranbir Singh Bisht (xvi) B. M. Shah (xvii) Narendra Singh Negi (xviii) Prem Matiyani (xix) Urmil Kumar Thapliyal (xx) Leeladhar Jagudi (xxi) Manglesh Dabral (xxii) Manohar Shyam Joshi (xxiii) Ramesh Chandra Shah (xxiv) Viren Dangwal (xxv) Sumitranandan Pant 8.3 Major Festivals: (i) Haridwar Kumbh Mela (ii) Makar Sankranti (iii) Kumauni Holi (iv) Ganga Dashahara (v) Vasant Panchami (vi) Ghee Sankranti (vii) Khatarua (viii) Vat Savitri (ix) Phul Dei (x) Kanwar Yatra (xi) Kandali Festival (xii) Ramman (xiii) Harela Mela (xiv) Kauthig (xv) Nauchandi Mela (xvi) Giddi Mela (xvii) Uttarayani Mela (xviii) Nanda Devi Raj Jat 8.4 Folk Dance: (i) Langvir (ii) Barada Nati (iii) Hurka Baul (iv) Jhora-Chanchri (v) Chhapeli (vi) Thadya (vii) Jhumaila (viii) Pandav (ix) Chauphula (x) Chholiya 8.5 Major Religious Places: (i) Kedarnath (ii) Badrinath (iii) Gangotri Temple (iv) Yamunotri Temple (v) Vishnu Prayag (vi) Nanda Prayag (vii) Karna Prayag (viii) Rudra Prayag (ix) Dev Prayag (x) Rishikesh (xi) Haridwar |
| 9 Education | 9.1 State Literacy Data: (i) Total: 6,880,953 (78.82%) (ii) Male: 3,863,708 (87.40%) (iii) Female: 3,017,245 (70.01%) 9.2 Major Universities: (i) Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar (ii) Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Srinagar (iii) Graphic Era University, Dehradun (iv) Kumaun University, Nainital (v) DIT University, Dehradun (vi) Graphic Era Hill University, Clement Town (vii) Quantum University, Roorkee (viii) Uttarakhand Technical University, Dehradun (ix) Uttaranchal University, Dehradun (x) Gurukul Kangri Vishwavidyalaya, Haridwar (xi) Dev Sanskriti Vishwavidyalaya, Shantikunj (xii) ICFAI University, Dehradun, Dehradun (xiii) Doon University, Dehradun (xiv) Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun (xv) Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna Uttarakhand Medical Education University, Dehradun (xvi) Uttarakhand Ayurved University, Dehradun (xvii) Himalayan Garhwal University, Pokhara Village (xviii) IMS Unison University, Dehradun (xix) Uttarakhand Sanskrit University, Haridwar (xx) Sri Dev Suman Uttarakhand University, Badshahithaul (xxi) Himgiri ZEE University, Dehradun (xxii) Veer Chandra Singh Garhwali Uttarakhand University of Horticulture & Forestry, Bharsar (xxiii) University of Patanjali, Haridwar (xxiv) Motherhood University, Bhagwanpur (xxv) Ras Bihari Bose Subharti University, Dehradun (xxvi) Shri Guru Ram Rai University, Dehradun (xxvii) Uttarakhand Aawasiya Vishwavidyalaya, Almora (xxviii) University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 9.3 Major Institutions: (i) IIT Roorkee (ii) All India Institute of Medical Sciences Rishikesh (iii) NIT Srinagar (iv) Forest Research Institute, Dehradun (v) Shri Guru Ram Rai Education Mission, Dehradun |
| 10 Tourism | 10.1 Uttarakhand is known as Devbhumi. So because of Hindu pilgrimage sites, it has an extensive tourism industry. The tourism business in Uttarakhand generated ₹23,000 crores during 2013-14. 10.2 Major Tourist Spots: (i) Char Dham (Kedarnath, Badrinath, Gangotri and Yamunotri) (ii) Panch Kedar (Kedarnath, Tungnath, Rudranath, Madhyamaheshwar and Kalpeshwar) (iii) Panch Prayag (Vishnu Prayag, Nanda Prayag, Karna Prayag, Rudra Prayag and Dev Prayag) (iv) Rishikesh (v) Haridwar (vi) Nainital (vii) Kaushani (viii) Munsiyari (ix) Dehradun (x) Mussoorie (xi) Auli (xii) Ranikhet (xiii) Valley of Flowers (xiv) Lansdowne (xv) Almora (xvi) Uttarkashi (xvii) Binsar (xviii) Joshimath (xix) Pithoragarh (xx) Bageshwar (xxi) Berinag (xxii) Patal Bhubaneshwar (xxiii) Chaukori (xxiv) Chamoli (xxv) Nelong Valley |
| 11 Sports | 11.1 State Game: The high mountains and rivers of Uttarakhand attract many tourists and adventure seekers. It is also a favourite destination for adventure sports, such as paragliding, sky diving, rafting and bungee jumping. Golf has also become popular with Ranikhet being a favourite destination. 11.2 Major Stadium: Rajiv Gandhi International Cricket Stadium, Dehradun 11.3 International Players from the state: Cricket: (i) Sankar Bhattacharjee (ii) Unmukt Chand (iii) Abhimanyu Easwaran (iv) Shubek Gill (v) Mansi Joshi (vi) Karan Kaul (vii) Charles Orman (viii) Sneh Rana (ix) Kuldeep Rawat (x) Henry Renny-Tailyour (xi) Narender Pal Singh Mountaineers: (i) Chandraprabha Aitwal (ii) Love Raj Singh Dharmshaktu (iii) Tashi and Nungshi Malik (iv) Bachendri Pal (v) Kanhaya Lal Pokhriyal (vi) Arvind Raturi (vii) Harish Chandra Singh Rawat (viii) Gurdial Singh Hockey: (i) Lionel Emmett (ii) Michael Gateley (iii) Vandana Katariya (iv) George Marthins (v) Chitrashi Rawat |
| 12 Governance & Administrative Divisions | 12.1 Administrative divisions: (i) Number of Districts: 13 (ii) Number of Tehsils: 110 (iii) Number of Urban Towns: 86 (iv) Number of Villages: 16,805 12.2 Official Languages: (i) Hindi (ii) Sanskrit (Additional Official Language) (Based on census-2011) 12.3 Constituent Facts: (i) Number of Assembly seats: 70 (ii) Number of Parliament seats: 5 (iii) Number of Rajya Sabha Seats: 3 (iv) Number of Gram Panchayats: 7485 (v) Legislature: Unicameral 12.4 Chief Minister: Pushkar Singh Dhami (10th CM)( From 04 July, 2021) Pushkar Singh Dhami ( From 23 March ,2022 5th Assembly) Re elected 12.4.1First Chief Minister: Nityanand Swami (2000) 12.5 Governor: Baby Rani Maurya ( 7th Governor) 12.5.1 First Governor: Surjit Singh Barnala (2000) 12.6 Judiciary: 12.6.1 The building of Uttarakhand High Court was constructed by Santoni MacDonald in 1900. 12.6.2 The Uttarakhand State was carved out from the State of Uttar Pradesh on 9 November 2000 under the Uttar Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2000. At the time of the creation of the State, the High Court of Uttarakhand was also established on the same day at Nainital. (i) Number of Judges: 11 (ii) (Permanent: 9 Addl: 2) (iii) Judge Retirement Age: 62 |
| 13 Other Important facts | 13.1 UNESCO World Heritage Sites: Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks 13.2 GI Tags: Uttarakhand Tejpatta 13.3 Number of Archaeological Sites: (i) Vaishnav Group of Temples, Dewal (ii) Devalgarh Group of Temples (iii) Shiv Temple, Paithani (iv) Shivalaya, Kukhargaon (v) Lakshmi Narayan Group of Temples, Sumari (vi) Narayankoti Group of Temples (vii) Nalachatti Temple and Stupa (viii) Damyanti Temple, Hyun (ix) Vaitarni Group of Temples, Gopeshwar (x) Govind Group of Temples, Simli (xi) Kulsari Temple 13.4 State Symbols: State Animal: Alpine Musk Deer State Instrument: Dhol State Flower: Brahma Kamal State Bird: Himalayan Monal State Fish: Golden Mahseer State Butterfly: West Himalayan Common Peacock State Tree: Burans State Sport: Football |
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