Manipur
Manipur is around 2400 km. away from our capital and consists of 0.24% population of India. It is a state with an eccentric culture and interesting places to visit. So it is a state worth reading about.
| Topic | Data/Facts |
| 1 History | 1.1 Manipur got merged with India on 15th October, 1949. 1.2 It was made a Union Territory in 1956 and a fully-fledged State in 1972 by the North-Eastern Areas (Reorganization) Act, 1971. 1.3 Manipur is made with two words. “Mani” means jewel and “Pur” means Place. Manipur is translated as “Jewelled land”. |
| 2 Geography | 2.1 Climate: (i) Manipur’s climate is largely influenced by the topography of the region. Lying 790 metres above sea level, Manipur is wedged among hills on all sides. (ii) This northeastern corner of India enjoys a generally amiable climate, though the winters can be chilly. (iii) The maximum temperature in the summer months is 32 °C (90 °F). The coldest month is January, and the warmest July. 2.2 Agriculture: (i) Manipur’s climate and soil conditions make it ideally suited for horticultural crops. (ii) Growing there are rare and exotic medicinal and aromatic plants. (iii) Some cash crops suited for Manipur include Lychee, Cashew, Walnut, Orange, Lemon, Pineapple, Papaya, Passion Fruit, Peach, Pear and Plum. (iv) The state is covered with over 3,000 square kilometres (1,200 sq mi) of bamboo forests, making it one of India’s largest contributors to its bamboo industry. 2.3 Natural Resources: The major natural resources are Limestone, Evaporities, Mineral Water, Chromite, Ferrous Alloy Metals, Asbestos, Semi Precious Stones, Clay, Fossil Fuels etc. 2.4 Major rivers: (i) Barak River (ii) Imphal River (iii) Iril River (iv) Khuga River (v) Manipur River (vi) Nambul River (vii) Surma-Meghna River System (viii) Tiau River (ix) Tuitha River (x) Tuivai River 2.5 Animals: (i) Among big carnivores, it has Tigers, Leopards, Clouded leopards, Black Panther, Malayan Sun Bear and Himalayan Black Bear. Migratory elephants have also been reported in some parts of the State. It is an important home of endangered and endemic primates i.e. Hoolock gibbon, Stump-tailed macaque, Assamese macaque, Pig tailed macaque etc. (ii) Manipur is also the home of 6 species of Hornbills and 4 species of Pheasants. The State falls in the East-Asian migratory flyway of Amur Falcon and many other migratory birds. (iii) The other important wild animals which are endangered or rare and found in Manipur forests, include Slow Loris, Pangolin, Himalayan Yellow Throated Marten, Monitor Lizards, Hog Deer, Hog Badger, Binturong etc. (iv) Manipur is the home of brow-antlered deer called as Sangai (Rucervus eldii eldii), one of the endangered deer species in the world, now available only in Keibul Lamjao National Park of the State. It is also called as Manipur Dancing Deer. 2.6 Neighbouring States: Nagaland – North Mizoram – South Assam – West Myanmar – South 2.7 Capital city: Imphal (Also largest city) 2.8 Total Land Area: (i) Total area is 22,327 sq. km. (ii) 23rd largest state in India. |
| 3 Forestry | 3.1 Forest: (i) Forest Cover: 16,846.90 sq. km. (ii) Very Dense Forest: 905.27 sq. km. (iii) Moderately Dense Forest: 6,386.29 sq. km. (iv) Open Forest: 9,555.34 sq. km. (Data as per ISFR 2019 assessment) 3.2 National Parks: (i) Keibul Lamjao National Park, Bishnupur (ii) Sirohi National Park, Sirohi 3.3 Wild Life Sanctuary: (i) Khongjaingamba Ching Wildlife Sanctuary, Chandel (ii) Yangoupokpi-Lokchao Wildlife Sanctuary, Chandel (iii) Kailam Wildlife Sanctuary, Kailam (iv) Jiri-Makru Wildlife Sanctuary, Imphal (v) Bunning Wildlife Sanctuary, Tamenglong (vi) Zeilad Wildlife Sanctuary, Tamenglong 3.4 Birds Sanctuary: Thinungei Bird Sanctuary, Bishnupur |
| 4 Economy | 4.1 Major Economic Data: (i) GDP Growth: 14.07% (ii) GDP: 31,790 Crore INR (2019-20) (iii) GDP Rank: 28th (iv) Per Capita Income: 92,427 INR (2019-20) 4.2 Industries: Major industries are as under: – (i) Manipur is primarily an agriculture-based economy and has scope for commercial plantation of a variety of horticulture crops such as figs, olive and mandarin. (ii) It is the largest producer of passion fruit among Indian states. Handloom, handicraft and sericulture-based industries are most-developed in the state and contribute significantly to state income. |
| 5 Transportation | 5.1 Air, Railway and Roads are the major transportation means of Manipur. 5.2 Other Important facts: Manipur is connected to all its neighbour states with National Highways. 5.3 Major Railway Stations Jiribam 5.4 Major Air Ports: International Airports: Imphal International Airport (Formerly known as Tulihal International Airport) |
| 6 Infrastructures | 6.1 Power installed Capacity: (i) Total Power: 261.82 MW (ii) Thermal: 154.67 MW (iii) Nuclear: 0 (iv) Hydro: 95.34 MW (v) Renewable Energy Source: 11.81 MW |
| 7 Census and Demography | 7.1 Demographic Data: (i) Population: 2,855,794 (28.56 Lakhs) (ii) Male: 1,438,586 (iii) Female: 1,417,208 (iv) Gender Ratio: 985 females per 1000 males (v) Population Growth: 24.50% (vi) Percentage of total population of the country: 0.24% (vii) Density: 130/sq. km. (viii) Rural Population: 2,021,640 (69.79%) (ix) Urban Population: 834,154 (30.21%) (x) 23rd most populous state in India (Based on 2011 census) 7.2 Major Religion followers: (i) Hinduism: 1,181,876 (41.39%) (ii) Christianity: 1,179,043 (41.29%) (iii) Islam: 239,836 (8.40%) (iv) Jainism: 1,692 (0.06%) (v) Buddhism: 7,084 (0.25%) (vi) Sikhism: 1,527 (0.05%) (Based on 2011 census) |
| 8 Culture | 8.1 Literature: Literary work is majorly found under categories: Meitei Other Important Facts: (i) Meitei literature, also known as Meetei literature, refers to the literature written in Meitei, one of the official languages of the Government of India. (ii) An institution of learning named the Luwang Nonghumsang, later known as the Pandit Loishang, collected the sources of indigenous Meitei knowledge and philosophy in the 18th century. 8.2 Major Poets & Authors: (i) Aribam Syam Sharma (ii) Heisnam Kanhailal (iii) Khwairakpam Chaoba (iv) M. K. Binodini Devi (v) Rajkumar Singhajit Singh (vi) Ratan Thiyam (vii) Acharya Buddharakkhita (viii) Moirangthem Inao (ix) Makhonmani Mongsaba (x) Binalakshmi Nepram (xi) Laishram Nabakishore Singh (xii) M. Kirti Singh (xiii) N. Khelchandra Singh (xiv) Rajkumar Jhalajit Singh (xv) Ram prasad Bismil (xvi) Angom Gopi (xvii) Ningombam Bupenda Meitei (xviii) Waikhom Gojen Meitei (xix) Robin Ngangom (xx) Irom Chanu Sharmila (xxi) Ashangbam Minaketan Singh (xxii) Elangbam Nilakanta Singh (xxiii) Rajkumar Shitaljit Singh (xxiv) Bhaktisvarupa Damodar Swami (xxv) Gitchandra Tongbra 8.3 Major Festivals: (i) Lai Haraoba (ii) Yaosang (iii) Imoinu Iratpa (iv) Ningol Chakouba (v) Sanamahi Ahong Khong Chingba (vi) Mera Hou Chongba (vii) Mera Chaorel Houba (viii) Panthoibi Iratpa (ix) Cheiraoba (x) Heikru Hidongba (xi) Kwaak Taanba (xii) Sangai festival (xiii) Shirui Lily Festival (xiv) Barak River Festival (xv) Gaan-Ngai (xvi) Maramfest 8.4 Folk Dance: (i) Jagoi (ii) Ras Lila 8.5 Major Religious Places: (i) Senapathi Catholic Church (ii) St. Joseph’s Cathedral (iii) Tamenglong Baptist Church (iv) Christian Center Church (v) Imphal Central Church (vi) Shree Govindajee Temple (vii) Shri Krishna Temple (viii) Hanuman Temple (ix) Sacred Jackfruit Tree Site (x) Vishnu Temple (xi) Ebudhou Thangjing temple (xii) Babupara Mosque |
| 9 Education | 9.1 State Literacy Data: (i) Total: 1,908,476 (76.94%) (ii) Male: 1,039,858 (83.58%) (iii) Female: 868,618 (70.26%) 9.2 Major Universities: (i) Manipur University, Imphal (ii) Central Agricultural University, Imphal (iii) Manipur Technical University, Imphal (iv) National Sports University, Imphal (v) Sangai International University, Churachandpur (vi) Manipur University of Culture, Imphal 9.3 Major Institutions: (i) NIT Imphal (ii) IIIT Imphal |
| 10 Tourism | 10.1 The tourist season is from October to February when it is often sunny without being hot and humid. 10.2 Major Tourist Spots: (i) Hapta Kangjeibung – World’s oldest pologround (ii) Samban-Lei Sekpil (iii) Ima Keithel – Asia’s largest only-women market (iv) Khongjom War Memorial Complex (v) Loktak Lake – World’s only floating lake (vi) Keibul Lamjao National Park (vii) Ningthouja dynasty (viii) Kangla Fort (ix) Andro Fire Place (x) Kangla Fort (xi) Bihu Loukon (xii) Baruni Hill (xiii) Thangjing Hill (xiv) Loktak lake (xv) Pumlenpat lake (xvi) Mount Koubru (xvii) Ikop Pat lake (xviii) Thanga island (xix) Kaina Hill (xx) Sanamahi Kiyong Temple (xxi) Ibudhou Thangjing Temple (xxii) Sanamahi Temple (xxiii) Shree Govindajee Temple (xxiv) Kaina Temple (xxv) Shri Radha Raman Temple, Kanchipur (xxvi) Ningthoukhong Gopinath Mandir (xxvii) Sacred Jackfruit Tree (xxviii) Konthoujam Lairembi gi Khubam (xxix) Hiyangthang Lairembi Temple |
| 11 Sports | 11.1 State Game: Polo is the major sport in Manipur. It is also known as the Royal Game here. Outdoor sports include Mukna (Wrestling), Mukna Kangjei (or Khong kangjei), Sagol Kangjei (Polo), Yubi lakpi (Coconut Rugby), Oo-Laobi, Hiyang-Tannaba (Boat Rowing Race), and Arambai Hunba. 11.2 Major Stadium: Khuman Lampak Main Stadium, Imphal 11.3 International Players from the state: Boxing: Mary Kom Cricket: Nitesh Sedai Martial Arts: (i) Angom Anita Chanu (ii) Jina Devi Chongtham (iii) Kalpana Devi (iv) Lourembam Brojeshori Devi (v) Naorem Roshibina Devi (vi) Tombi Devi (vii) W. Sandhyarani Devi (viii) Shushila Likmabam Mountain Climbing: Gurmayum Anita Devi Weightlifting: (i) Mirabai Chanu (ii) Khumukcham Sanjita Chanu (iii) Ngangbam Soniya Chanu (iv) Renu Bala Chanu (v) Saikhom Mirabai Chanu (vi) Kunjarani Devi (vii) Monika Devi Hockey: (i) Suman Bala (ii) Sanggai Chanu (iii) Sushila Chanu (iv) Tingonleima Chanu (v) Suraj Lata Devi (vi) Chinglensana Kangujam (vii) Khadangbam Kothajit Singh (viii) Nilakanta Sharma (ix) Pangambam Nilakomol Singh (x) Thoiba Singh (xi) Anuradha Thokchom |
| 12 Governance & Administrative Divisions | 12.1 Administrative divisions: (i) Number of Districts: 16 (ii) Number of Tehsils: 38 (iii) Number of Urban Towns: 51 (iv) Number of Villages: 2391 12.2 Official Languages: Manipuri ( Also known as Meitei) (Meitei is a Tibeto-Burman language spoken predominantly in Manipur) 12.3 Official script Meitei script 12.3 Constituent Facts: (i) Number of Assembly seats: 60 (ii) Number of Parliament seats: 2 (iii) Number of Rajya Sabha Seats: 1 (iv) Number of Gram Panchayats: 161 (v) Legislature: Unicameral 12.4 Chief Minister: N. Biren Singh, 13th CM ( Current Tenure) (1st-15 March, 2017 to 21March, 2022) ( Present- 21 March, 2022 to continue) First Chief Minister: Mairembam Koireng Singh (1963) 12.5 Governor: Anusuiya Uikey (From 12 February,2023) B. K. Nehru (1972) 12.6 Judiciary: Manipur High Court was established in 25 March 2013. (i) Number of Judges: 4 (ii) Judge Retirement Age: 62 |
| 13 Other Important facts | 13.1 UNESCO World Heritage Sites: (i) Keibul Lamjao Consevation Area(KLCA) (Proposed) (It is the world’s only floating national park, located in the Loktak lake) (ii) The Kangla (officially called the Kangla Fort) is also proposed to include in UNESCO World Heritage Sites. 13.2 GI Tags: (i) Shaphee Lanphee (ii) Wangkhei Phee (iii) Moirang Phee (iv) Kachai lemon (v) Chak – Hao 13.3 Number of Archaeological Sites: Sekta Archaeological Living Museum 13.4 State Symbols: State Animal: Sangai State Bird: Nongin State Fish: Pengba State Flower: Shirui Lily State Tree: Uningthou |
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