Mizoram
Mizoram is a state which is 2500 km. away from our capital and consists of only 0.09% population of India. It is a state with interesting culture and an important international border. It is also an important state in the Indian tourism industry.
| Topic | Data/Facts |
| 1 History | 1.1 The name of the state is derived from “Mizo”, the self-described name of the native inhabitants, and “Ram”, which in the Mizo language means “land.” Thus “Mizo-ram” means “land of the Mizos”. 1.2 Mizoram was previously part of Assam until 1972, when it was carved out as a Union Territory. In 1986 the Indian Parliament adopted the 53rd amendment of the Indian Constitution, which allowed for the creation of the State of Mizoram on 20 February 1987. |
| 2 Geography | 2.1 Climate: (i) Mizoram has a mild climate. (ii) The region is influenced by monsoons, raining heavily from May to September with little rain in the dry (cold) season. (iii) The climate pattern is moist tropical to moist sub-tropical, with average state rainfall 254 centimetres (100 in) per annum. 2.2 Agriculture: (i) The crop area used for jhum cultivation rotates in Mizoram; that is, the area slashed and burnt for a crop is abandoned for a few years and then jhumias return to slash and burn the same plot after a few years of non-use. (ii) Rice remains the largest crop grown in Mizoram by gross value of output. (iii) Fruits have grown to become the second largest category, followed by condiments and spices. (iv) Mizoram is also a significant producer and domestic supplier of banana, ginger, turmeric, passion fruit, orange and chowchow. (v) Mizoram is one of the leading producers of bamboo in India, has 27 species of bamboo, and supplies 14% of India’s commercial bamboo. (vi) Sericulture is an important handicraft industry engaged by nearly 8,000 families in over 300 Mizo villages. 2.3 Natural Resources: Major Natural Resources of Mizoram are Oil and Natural gas, Coal, Clay, Shell Limestone. 2.4 Major rivers: Rivers: Chimtuipui, Tut, Tlawng, Tuirial, Tuivawl, Tiau, Tuichang, Khawthlangtuipui, Mat, Tuichawng, Tuipui, Teirei, Tuirini and Serlui. Lakes: Palak, Tam and Rih. Waterfalls: Vantawng and Tuirihiau. 2.5 Animals: (i) Prominent birds spotted in Mizoram include those from the families of Phasianidae, Anatidae, Ciconiidae, Threskiornithidae, Ardeidae, Pelecanidae, Phalacrocoracidae, Falconidae, Accipitridae, Otididae, Rallidae, Heliornithidae, Turnicidae etc. (ii) Mammal species observed in the Mizoram forests include slow loris (Nycticebus coucang), red serow (Capricornis rubidus), which is the state animal, goral (Nemorhaedus goral), tiger (Panthera tigris), leopard (Panthera pardus), clouded leopard (“Neofelis nebulosi”), leopard cat (Prionailurus bengalensis), Bengal fox (Vulpes bengalensis), and Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus). 2.6 Neighbouring States: Assam, Tripura and Manipur – North Bangladesh – West Myanmar – East 2.7 Capital city: Aizawl (The Largest City) 2.8 Total Land Area: (i) Total area is 21,081 sq. km. (ii) 25th largest state in India. |
| 3 Forestry | 3.1 Forest: (i) Forest Cover: 18,005.51 sq. km. (ii) Very Dense Forest: 157.05 sq. km. (iii) Moderately Dense Forest: 5,800.75 sq. km. (iv) Open Forest: 12,047.71 sq. km. (Data as per ISFR 2019 assessment) 3.2 National Parks: (i) Murlen National Park, Champhai (ii) Phawngpui Blue Mountain National Park, Lawngtlai 3.3 Wild Life Sanctuary: (i) Khawnglung Wildlife Sanctuary, Aizawl (ii) Ngengpui Wildlife Sanctuary, Ngengpui (iii) Pualreng Wildlife Sanctuary, Pualreng (iv) Tawi Wildlife Sanctuary, Aizawl (v) Thorangtlang Wildlife Sanctuary, Lunglei (vi) Tokalo Wildlife Sanctuary, Siaha 3.4 Birds Sanctuary: Lengteng Bird Sanctuary, Champhai 3.5 Tiger Reserves: Dampa Tiger Reserve, Lushai |
| 4 Economy | 4.1 Major Economic Data: (i) GDP Growth: 16.24% (ii) GDP: ₹11,458 crore (US$1.6 billion) (2014–15) (iii) GDP Rank: 32nd (iv) Per Capita Income: ₹76,210 (US$1,100) (2014–15) 4.2 Industries: Major industries are as under: – (i) Mizoram has two industrial estates at Zuangtui and Kolasib. (ii) Another software technology park is being established in Mizoram University campus. (iii) Mizoram faces difficulties in the advancement of industries. Lack of transport infrastructure is one of the major drawbacks. |
| 5 Transportation | 5.1 Air, Railway, Road, Helicopter and Water Ways are major transportation means of Mizoram. 5.2 Other Important facts: (i) In 2012, Mizoram had a road network of around 8,500 kilometres (5,300 mi) including unsurfaced village roads to surfaced national highways. (ii) A Helicopter service by Pawan Hans has been started which connects the Aizawl with Lunglei, Lawngtlai, Saiha, Chawngte, Serchhip, Champhai, Kolasib, Khawzawl, Mamit and Hnahthial. (iii) Mizoram is in the process of developing water ways with the port of Akyab Sittwe in Burma along its biggest river, Chhimtuipui. 5.3 Major Railway Stations Bairabi Railway Station 5.4 Major Air Ports: Domestic Airports: Lengpui Airport, Aizawl |
| 6 Infrastructures | 6.1 Power installed Capacity: (i) Total Power: 207.45 MW (ii) Thermal: 71.51 MW (iii) Nuclear: 0 (iv) Hydro: 97.94 MW (v) Renewable Energy Source: 38.00 MW |
| 7 Census and Demography | 7.1 Demographic Data: (i) Population: 1,097,206 (10.97 Lakhs) (ii) Male: 555,339 (iii) Female: 541,867 (iv) Gender Ratio: 976 females per 1000 males (v) Population Growth: 23.48% (vi) Percentage of total population of the country: 0.09% (vii) Density: 52/sq. km. (viii) Rural Population: 525,435 (47.89%) (ix) Urban Population: 571,771 (52.11%) (x) 27th most populous state in India (Based on 2011 census) 7.2 Major Religion followers: (i) Hinduism: 30,136 (2.75%) (ii) Christianity: 956,331 (87.16%) (iii) Islam: 14,832 (1.35%) (iv) Jainism: 376 (0.03%) (v) Buddhism: 93,411 (8.51%) (vi) Sikhism: 286 (0.03%) (Based on 2011 census) |
| 8 Culture | 8.1 Literature: Literary work is majorly found under categories: Mizo tawng 8.2 Major Poets & Authors: (i) Capt. L.Z. Sailo (ii) Lalṭanpuia (iii) Lalzova Chhangte (usually referred to as Fam Lalzova) (iv) P. S. Chawngthu (v) Vankhama (vi) V. Thangzama (vii) Zirsangzela Hnamte (viii) Pastor Saikhuma (ix) B. Lalthangliana (x) Lalhriata (xi) Samson Thanruma (xii) Lalpekkima 8.3 Major Festivals: (i) Mim Kut (ii) Chapchar Kut (iii) Pawl Kut (iv) Thalfavang Kut 8.4 Folk Dance: (i) Cheraw (ii) Khuallam (iii) Chheihlam (iv) Chai 8.5 Major Religious Places: (i) Solomon’s Temple (ii) Baptist Church of Mizoram (iii) Mizoram Presbyterian Church (iv) Immanuel Baptist Church (v) Evangelical Church of Maraland (vi) Kawnpui Venglai Presbyterian Church (vii) Siaha Vaihpi ECM Local Church (viii) Meisavaih Local Church (ix) CCI M Church (x) Bilkhawthlir Presbyterian Church (xi) Salvation Army Church (xii) St. Paul Church (xiii) Presby Church (xiv) Venghlun Prestyberian Church (xv) Venghlun Prestyberian Church (xvi) Vengpui Presbyterian Church (xvii) Venglai Church (xviii) St Joseph Workers Church |
| 9 Education | 9.1 State Literacy Data: (i) Total: 848,175 (91.33%) (ii) Male: 438,529 (93.35%) (iii) Female: 409,646 (89.27%) 9.2 Major Universities: (i) Mizoram University, Aizawl (ii) ICFAI University, Aizawl 9.3 Major Institutions: NIT Aizawl |
| 10 Tourism | 10.1 Mizoram is a state in the northeast of India. Mizoram is considered by many as a beautiful place due to its dramatic landscape and pleasant climate. 10.2 Major Tourist Spots: (i) Reiek (ii) Durtlang Hills (iii) Hmuifang (iv) Baktawng Village (v) Solomon’s Temple, Aizawl (vi) Lalruanga Lung (vii) Mura Puk (viii) Zokhawthar (ix) Hnahlan (x) Chawngtlai (xi) Kawmzawl Park (xii) Vanzau (xiii) Palak Dil (Lake) (xiv) Tam Dil (Lake) (xv) Vantawng Falls (xvi) Tuirihiau Falls |
| 11 Sports | 11.1 State Game: Sports in Mizoram play an important part of the culture of Mizoram and it plays a key role in development of the state. Football, Basketball and Volleyball are the more popular sports in the Indian state of Mizoram. Other Important Facts: Traditional Games of Mizoram: (i) Insuknawr (ii) Inkawibah (iii) In-uilen (iv) Sakei lem chan (v) Tira Mei Kaiah (vi) Bingte sai rawkah 11.2 Major Stadium: Indoor Stadiums: (i) Hawla Indoor Stadium Basketball and Contact Sports (ii) Dengthuama Indoor Stadium Judo, Boxing, Volleyball, Badminton and Volleyball (iii) Sazaikawn multi-purpose indoor stadium, Lunglei. (iv) Mizoram Table Tennis Hall, Mission Veng (v) Vanlallawma Indoor Stadium (vi) Boxing Hall, Ramhlun Outdoor Stadiums: (i) Rajiv Gandhi Stadium (Aizawl) For Athletics and Football (ii) Lammual Football (iii) Thenzawl Golf Course (iv) Zobawk Sports Academy, Lunglei (v) Thuamluaia Mual – artificial turf in Lunglei for Football (vi) Kawnpui Hockey ground – Artificial turf for Playing Hockey (vii) Champhai Zotlang Sports Stadium – Artificial Turf ground in Champhai for Athletics and Football (viii) Suaka Cricket Stadium- Sihhmui (ix) Kolasib Sports Stadium, Venglai – Athletics and Football with artificial turf. (x) Serchhip Hmarveng Complex Field -Artificial turf football ground. (xi) Central YLA Playground, Lawngtlai – Artificial turf football ground 11.3 International Players from the state: Football: (i) Lalremruata Arema (ii) Beikhokhei Beingaichho (iii) Lallianzuala Chhangte (iv) Lalremsanga Fanai (v) Lalrozama Fanai (vi) Liandala Fanai (vii) Lalrin Fela (viii) Henry Gangte Weighlifting: Jeremy Lalrinnunga Hockey: Lalremsiami |
| 12 Governance & Administrative Divisions | 12.1 Administrative divisions: (i) Number of Districts: 11 (ii) Number of Tehsils: 22 (iii) Number of Urban Towns: 23 (iv) Number of Villages: 817 12.2 Official Languages: (i) Mizo (ii) English (Based on census-2011) 12.3 Constituent Facts: (i) Number of Assembly seats: 40 (ii) Number of Parliament seats: 1 (iii) Number of Rajya Sabha Seats: 1 (iv) Legislature: Unicameral 12.4 Chief Minister: Zoramthanga (5th CM) ( From 15 December, 2018) First Chief Minister: C. Chhunga (03 May1972- 10May, 1977)) 12.5 Governor: Kambhampati Hari Babu (From 07 July, 2021) First Governor: Hiteswar Saikia (20 February,1987- 30 April, 1989) 12.6 Judiciary: 12.6.1 Guwahati High Court has the largest jurisdiction in terms of states, with its area covering the states of Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, and Mizoram. 12.6.2 It was established on 5th April, 1948. (i) Number of Judges: 24 (ii) (Permanent: 18 Addl: 6) (iii) Judge Retirement Age: 62 |
| 13 Other Important facts | 13.1 GI Tags: (i) Mizo Chilli (ii) Tawlhlohpuan (iii) Mizo Puanchei (iv) Pawndum (v) Ngotekherh (vi) Hmaram 13.2 Number of Archaeological Sites: (i) Ancient arts, Chhawrtui, Champhai (ii) BakPuk, Lungrang ‘S’, Lunglei (iii) BengkhuaiaThlan, Sailam, Aizawl (iv) Bung BungalowTuirial, Aizawl (v) Captain Brown-a Thlan, Changsil Fort, Aizawl (vi) Chhura Lungkawh, Sihfa, Aizawl (vii) Chief Saihleia Residence, Samlukhai, Aizawl (viii) Dullai Sial Hliappui, Champhai (ix) DurtlangLal In, Durtlang, Aizawl (x) Fiara Tui Farkawn, Champhai 13.3 State Symbols: State Animal: Himalayan Serow State Bird: Mrs. Hume’s pheasant State Flower: Red Vanda State Tree: Indian Rose Chestnut |
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